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Kapuspen Kemendagri: Pers dan Masyarakat Berperan Menangkal Politik Uang

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JAKARTA – KEPALA Pusat Penerangan Kementerian Dalam Negeri (Kapuspen Kemendagri) Bahtiar meminta bantuan rekan pers dan semua lapisan masyarakat mampu menangkal dan mengantisipasi adanya politik uang. Pasalnya, masyarakat masih terfokus pada penyelenggaraan Pilpres dibandingkan Pileg. Padahal potensi politik uang lebih besar dilakukan di lapangan pada proses pileg sesuai hasil temuan penelitia August Melazt Sindikasi Politik dan Demokrasi serta temuan penelitian Burhanuddin Muhtadi Indikator Indonesia.

“Kita semua harus memiliki sensitivitas untuk mengungkap cara-cara baru penerapan Politik uang. Kepekaan ini juga termasuk harus dimiliki Pemerintah, pemda, parpol, masyarakat, Penyelenggara Pemilu dan pers. Politik uang akan mungkin lebih terasa karena sistem proporsional terbuka memungkinkan adanya pertarungan antar caleg dalam satu partai dan dalam satu Dapil yang sama” hal ini dikatakan Bahtiar pada acara Kemendagri Media Forum edisi Jumat (8/02/2019) di Press Room Kemendagri, Jakarta Pusat.

Dikatakan Bahtiar, kemungkinan ada metode baru untuk menggaet pemilih dengan berbagai cara dan tidak selalu dengan uang cash. Dicontohkan Bahtiar, money politik bisa saja dilakukan pendekatan dengan kelompok tertentu untuk menawarkan jasa/barang.

“Semakin rawan dan rumit karena money politic tak lagi berbentuk uang cash, tetapi bisa dalam bentuk barang atau jasa. Praktek dilapangan itu biasanya sudah jauh2 hari ada upaya menanam jasa pada pemilih di Dapil, yang biasanya sudah mengikat kelompok atau elit yang dianggap mampu menghasilkan jumlah massa, misalnya saja kelompok tani, kelompok nelayan dan lain2. Praktek money politikpun kemungkinan terjadi inovasi baru yg lebih sulit dideteksi. Andai hal tersebut benar2 terjadi maka berdampak pada rusaknya sistem politik demokrasi yg sehat, bermartabat dan akuntabel. Oleh karena itu Mendagri Tjahyo Kumolo menyebutkan bhw politik uang adalah salah satu Racun Demokrasi yg mampu melumpuhkan peradaban demokrasi” ungkapnya.

Direktur Eksekutif Sindikasi Pemilu dan Demokrasi (SPD), August Mellaz yang menjadi narasumber dalam Kemendagri Media Forum juga memaparkan, potensi kerawanan politik uang akan kembali terjadi dan meningkat pada Pemilu 2019. Hal ini didasarkan pada jumlah daerah pemilihan (Dapil) di DPR yang semakin banyak, yaitu 80 dengan jumlah caleg yang juga bertambah. Selain itu, menurut August, jika dilihat dari Laporan Penerimaan Sumbangan Dana Kampanye (LPSDK) tahun 2014, masih didominasi oleh penerimaan dari Caleg. Hal ini juga dimungkinkan akan terjadi pada tahun 2019 mengingat sistem yang digunakan masih proporsional terbuka.

“Dari total Rp. 2,1 Trilliun LPSDK terdapat 82,65 persen penerimaan dari Caleg, Perseorangan 8,34 persen, Partai Politik 7,60 persen. Badan Usaha 1,15 persen dan Kelompok 0,26% . Artinya, sumbangan dana kampanye masih lebih besar dibandingkan partai politik. Sistem proporsonal terbuka inilah yang menyebabkan kampanye makin bersifat personal, bukan partai sehingga politik uangpun seolah tak dapat dihindari” papar August.

Di sisi lain Direktur Eksekutif Indikator, Burhanuddin Muhtadi mengungkapkan minimnya pengawasan dan perubahan daerah pemilihan turut memengaruhi meningkatnya potensi politik uang “Faktornya yang bertarung di Pileg jauh lebih banyak dibandingkan 2014, karena Dapil nambah kursi juga nambah,” tuturnya.

Padahal, Burhanuddin muhtadi menyebut target politik uang ini belum tentu efektif karena adanya potensi miss targeting dan agency loss. Namun ia tetap meminta semua pihak mewaspadai politik uang karena masih ada kelompok yang cenderung terpengaruh politik uang, seperti kelompok yang memiliki kedekatan dengan partai politik, tokoh atau kelompok partisan.

“Sudah pasti ada ketidakefektifan dalam politik uang. Potensi terjadinya uang disunat koordinator itu besar terjadi. Itu agency loss. Ada juga miss targeting karena terlalu banyak di kalangan yang dapat uangpun mereka belum tentu mau ke TPS apalagi nyoblos” jelas Burhanuddin muhtadi. (Lutfi).

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