Di ATAS PANGGUNG Anna Aventie, produsen kebaya ternama, Sukmawati Soekarnoputri, melalui puisi, mengatakan bahwa wanita berkonde lebih indah dari wanita bercadar, dan suara kidung ibu Indonesia lebih indah dari suara azan. Setelah diawali pernyataan, “saya tak kenal syariat Islam”.
Sukmawati melakukan dua hal pada saat itu, pertama, Sukma menegaskan bahwa perempuan Indonesia itu mempunyai identitas yang berbeda dengan perempuan Islam, khususnya ibu Indonesia itu adalah perempuan berkonde dengan kebaya, bukan perempuan dengan berjilbab. Kedua, Sukma menggunakan panggung “Fashion Show”, sebuah industri kapitalis, untuk menyampaikan pesannya ini. Artinya, atau dapat dimaknai, Sukma bersekutu dengan kapitalisme menyerang identitas Islam.
Wacana yang disampaikan Sukma menarik untuk ditanggapi. Pertama, apakah perdebatan soal perempuan dipanaskan sebatas kecantikan alami berkonde vs. bercadar? Bukankah itu sudah menjadi diskursus kaum feminisme abad lalu? kedua, apakah kebaya sebagai simbol identitas berkontestasi dengan hijab? Bukankah runtuhnya kebaya sebagai simbol keterbelakangan dan kebodohan perempuan terjadi ketika Suharto mengimpor faham liberal dan kapitalisme ke Indonesia?
Ketiga, apakah Sukma sedang melakukan langkah politik untuk menyerang calon gubernur dan wakil gubernur perempuan tertentu yang sedang bekontestasi dalam pilkada di Jawa?
Dalam pentas perempuan nasional saat ini, umpamanya, kita melihat adanya model Rini Sumarno, yang gambarnya terekspos hampir bersentuhan dengan lelaki Batak beristri, Luhut Binsar Panjaitan (LBP), ketika Rini menyentuh dasi pak LBP dengan tangannya. Perempuan kudua adalah Susi Pudjiastuti, perumpuan dengan pamer tato di kakinya dan merokok di publik dan ketiga kofifah, dengan kerudung (hijab/cadar) yang selalu tampil kalem di publik.
Tidak ada ketiga wanita itu memakai kebaya sehari harinya. ataupun berkonde. Pertanyaannya, bagaimana Sukma menilai ketiga orang di atas? Mengapa Sukma tidak menyerang negara yang tidak mewajibkan konde dan kebaya bagi elit elit nya?
Sesungguhnya , feminitas yang diidentikkan dengan keindahan rambut, tubuh, suara perempuan, memang sudah ada sejak jaman Cleopatra. Namun, merujuk pada feminitas natural seperti ini, itu tidak menjelaskan posisi dan hirarki perempuan dalam sistem Sosial yang ada. Apalagi dikaitkan dengan analisa power.
R.A. Kartini dan saudarinya, misalnya, sibuk sepanjang hari berkonde dan menata rambutnya dalam sistem patriakat yang mengurung mereka di rumah, tanpa pendidikan. Mereka memang dipersepsikan akan cantik (ayu) dengan rambut berkonde dan pakaian berkebaya pada usia belianya. Tapi dalam persepsi siapa? Dalam filmnya, Kartini justru sadar dan menolak pemingitan dirinya dengan konde dan kebaya hanya untuk menjadi komoditas sex para bupati dan ningrat jawa kala itu. Mereka resah tubuh dan keayuannya serta seluruh hidupnya, hanya akan segera sirna dipelukan ningrat2 beristri, hanya dijadikan selir. Kartini mengidolakan pembebasan prempuan pada sosok wanita Belanda, teman korespondensinya, yang dia bayangkan tanpa kebaya, tanpa konde, tetapi rajin membaca.
Jadi, kalau Sukmawati mencari akar pertempuran identitas antara perempuan “ibu berkonde” versus lainnya, tentu bukan pada busana muslimah sebagai lawan. Konde dan kebaya sesungguhnya kalah melawan imajinasi wanita wanita kita tentang wanita hebat, seperti dalam mimpi Kartini. Sebuah mimpi yang dibawa modernisasi dan westernisasi. Disinilah kesalahan Sukmawati.
Konsepsi Hijab
Hijab dalam Islam merupakan konsep tentang batas kebolehan perempuan dalam “public sphere”. Menurut Islam, wanita harus melindungi bagian sensualnya dari pandangan umum. Meski penafsiran tentang wilayah sensualitas ini bervariasi, namun mainstream ajaran Islam meyakini wajah dan telapak tangan boleh terbuka.
Konsep ini menempatkan wanita Islam terbebaskan dari pemangsa kapitalis, yang mendorong wanita justru mengekspouse wilayah sensuilnya. Selain itu konsep hijab juga menekankan kesederhanaan dan kecantikan hakikat (inner beauty). Bukan kecantikan biologis (saja), bukan tubuh maupun warna kulit, apalagi wilayah sensuilnya.Konsep ini menempatkan wanita Islam terbebaskan dari pemangsa kapitalis, yang mendorong wanita justru mengekspouse wilayah sensuilnya itu.
Dalam semua tesis tentang perempuan dan ekploitasi kapitalisme, perempuan disebutkan memang dijadikan komoditas. Persepsi perempuan cantik diciptakan industri kecantikan (kosmetik), fashion dan bahkan industri pornografi dan sex.
Cantik itu adalah putih (caucasian/white), langsing, wajah tirus tanpa jerawat, rambut lurus berkilau, dlsb. Persepsi ini dimanfaatkan kapitalisme untuk menjebak perempuan dalam ketergantungan, di mana perempuan2 dijadikan pasar produk kecantikan.
Bagi kapitalis, kecantikan perempuan, termasuk lengan, betis dlsb, tidak boleh ditutupi. Keindahan harus di share ke semua mata yang bisa melihat (termasuk jaman now via Instagram). Bahkan, penonjolan sensualitas merupakan alat penting industri kecantikan dalam mengiklankan produk. Meskipun antara produk (mobil misalnya) tidak berhubungan dengan sensualitas wanita dalam pameran produk mobil, misalnya.
Serangan serangan kaum feminis dari gelombang pertama, kedua, ketiga dan feminisme gelombang ke empat mengecam dominasi laki laki, hak2 reproduksi, hak hak sosial dan politik perempuan, dlsb, serta terakhir gerakan anti “sexual harrasment” tepat terjadi dalam bingkai perspektif kapitalis soal perempuan. Penggunaan hijab, misalnya, sedikitnya menjauhi “sexual harrasment”. Dalam Islam, hak hak wanita mendapatkan kesamaan drajat sebanding lelaki, khususnya dalam “theoritical framework” kemulian disisi Tuhan mereka. Hal ini tentu membutuhkan kajian pada tema yang lain. Namun, sesuatu yang pasti, Islam menjauhkan perempuan dari komodifikasi.
Menjauhkan perempuan sebagai komoditas adalah sebuah pembebasan. Liberation. Hijab adalah Liberation.
Kesalahan Sukmawati
Bagaimana kebaya dan konde dapat kompatible dengan “perempuan produk kapitalis ini?”
Mengapa Sukma yakin pada “ibu konde” dan kidung alami itu dan disampikannya dalam pentas kaum kapitalis, menarik untuk melihatnya. Kalau membaca pikiran seorang feminis Belgia, Denise Comanne dalam “How Patriarchy and Capitalism Combine to Aggravate the Oppression of Women”, ternyata menurut Comanne, ekploitasi terhadap perempuan dilakukan kapitalisme juga dengan menunggangi sistem patrikat. Dan sekali lagi kita tahu, simbol “ibu konde” yang ditawarkan Sukma adalah simbol dalam era dan sistem patriakat.
Berbeda dengan ayahnya, Bung Karno, yang melukiskan pemikiran gagasannya semasa muda dalam “Islamisme, Nasionalisme dan Marxisme” dan semasa tuanya dalam “Nasionalis, Agama dan Komunis”, sang ayah selalu menegaskan bahwa Islamisme dan Nasionalisme adalah kawan sejati melawan kapitalis. Sementara sang anak, Sukmawati, membenci Islam tanpa pijakan yang jelas.
Jadi, Sukmawati telah salah dalam dua hal, pertama, dalam urusan ibu berkonde, salah dalam memusuhi Islam sebagai versus tradisionalisme. Islam sebagai musuh budaya. Kedua, salah dalam bersekutu dengan kapitalisme atau setidaknya memanfaatkan panggung kapitalis (fashion show) untuk melawan Islam.
Kita, ketiga, tetap boleh mencurigai bahwa Sukmawati sedang mendeligitimasi kehadiran Cagub/Cawagub Jatim/Jateng yang berhijab. Entahlah.
Oleh: Dr. Syahganda Nainggolan
(Sabang Merauke Circle)
I always spent my half an hour to read this website’s content daily along with a mug of coffee.
No matter if some one searches for his vital thing, so he/she desires to be
available that in detail, therefore that thing is maintained over here.
The other day, while I was at work, my sister stole my apple
ipad and tested to see if it can survive a twenty five foot drop, just so she can be a youtube sensation. My iPad
is now broken and she has 83 views. I know this is
totally off topic but I had to share it with someone!
It’s an awesome paragraph in support of all the online people;
they will obtain advantage from it I am sure.
Thanks in support of sharing such a good thinking, article is pleasant, thats why i have read it fully
May I simply say what a comfort to uncover somebody that genuinely understands what they’re
talking about on the web. You actually realize how to bring a problem to light and make it important.
More people ought to look at this and understand this side of your story.
I was surprised that you are not more popular given that you most certainly possess the gift.
Good site you have got here.. It’s difficult to find excellent writing like yours nowadays.
I seriously appreciate people like you! Take care!!
I think everything wrote was very reasonable. However, what about this?
suppose you wrote a catchier post title? I ain’t
saying your information isn’t solid, but what if you added something that grabbed folk’s attention? I mean Hijab, Perempuan dan Pembebasan: Tanggapan Untuk Sukmawati – Monas News is kinda boring.
You might peek at Yahoo’s front page and note how they create news headlines
to get people to open the links. You might try adding a video
or a related picture or two to get readers interested about
what you’ve got to say. Just my opinion, it might make your blog a little livelier.
What’s up, this weekend is fastidious for me, because this time i am reading this impressive informative piece of writing here at my house.
Sweet blog! I found it while searching on Yahoo News.
Do you have any suggestions on how to get listed in Yahoo News?
I’ve been trying for a while but I never seem
to get there! Thanks
Great post however I was wondering if you could write a litte more on this subject?
I’d be very grateful if you could elaborate a little bit further.
Many thanks!
Have you ever thought about publishing an e-book or guest authoring on other websites?
I have a blog based on the same topics you discuss and would really like to
have you share some stories/information. I know my viewers would
value your work. If you are even remotely interested, feel free to send me an e-mail.
An intriguing discussion is worth comment. There’s no doubt that that you ought to
write more on this topic, it might not be a taboo matter but typically people don’t speak about
such topics. To the next! Cheers!!
I was wondering if you ever considered changing the structure of your
site? Its very well written; I love what youve got to say.
But maybe you could a little more in the way of content so people could connect with it better.
Youve got an awful lot of text for only having one or
2 pictures. Maybe you could space it out better? cheap flights 3gqLYTc
Hey I know this is off topic but I was wondering if you knew
of any widgets I could add to my blog that automatically tweet my newest
twitter updates. I’ve been looking for a plug-in like this for quite some time and was hoping maybe you would have some experience with something
like this. Please let me know if you run into anything.
I truly enjoy reading your blog and I look forward to your new updates.
34pIoq5 cheap flights
It’s truly very difficult in this full of activity life to listen news
on TV, so I simply use world wide web for that reason, and take the most recent information.
34pIoq5 cheap flights
It’s going to be end of mine day, however before ending I am reading this
great paragraph to increase my experience.
375677 766406I simply couldnt go away your internet site before suggesting that I really enjoyed the standard details an individual give on your visitors? Is gonna be back frequently to be able to inspect new posts. 726903
39423 405151Yeah bookmaking this wasnt a risky determination outstanding post! . 177248
342316 438307Great article. I appreciate your attention to this subject and I learned a whole lot 473199
834820 163353Great post. I previousally to spend alot of my time water skiing and watching sports. It was quite possible the very best sequence of my past and your content kind of reminded me of that period of my life. Cheers 294290
615987 595744Do you have a spam issue on this blog; I also am a blogger, and I was wondering your situation; many of us have created some nice procedures and we are looking to trade techniques with other folks, please shoot me an email if interested. 995438
951179 248322Fantastic internet site you got here! Yoo man wonderful reads, post some a lot more! Im gon come back so far better have updated 460882
918458 481291I dont think Ive scan anything like this before. So great to discover somebody with some original thoughts on this subject. thank for starting this up. This website is something that is needed on the internet, someone with just a little originality. Very good job for bringing something new towards the internet! 325802
780638 224607Youre the most effective, It is posts like this that keep me coming back and checking this site regularly, thanks for the info! 339801
653503 523445Thank you for your quite good details and respond to you. I require to verify with you here. Which isnt 1 thing I often do! I get pleasure from reading a publish that can make men and women feel. In addition, thanks for allowing me to remark! 734774
919867 457054Hey! Good stuff, do tell us when you post something like that! 95163
924172 740307very good post, i surely love this superb website, maintain on it 155905
579038 711369You need to join in a tournament first with the greatest blogs on the internet. I will recommend this web web site! 151642
721116 142982As I site possessor I feel the articles here is extremely great, regards for your efforts. 479752
943429 631I likewise believe thus, perfectly pent post! . 990491
916070 39549I believe other internet site owners need to take this site as an example , quite clean and amazing user genial style . 868752
748537 333610some genuinely choice content on this internet website , saved to my bookmarks . 315034
479801 535865Hello! I could have sworn Ive been to this blog before but after browsing through some with the post I realized its new to me. Anyways, Im certainly pleased I found it and Ill be book-marking and checking back regularly! 399216
880250 268983I actually appreciate your piece of function, Great post. 865916
148984 747283Chaga mushroom tea leaf is thought-about any adverse health elixir at Spain, Siberia and lots of n . Countries in europe sadly contains before you go ahead significantly avoidable the main limelight under western culture. Mushroom 268731
789931 82133Ive just been talking to Sean Gallagher about his upcoming Instant Income Cash Machine course, and hes been kind enough to fill me in on some details regarding his upcoming course. 108576
158153 614807You could definitely see your enthusiasm within the work you write. 894134
739334 264679hello!,I truly like your writing really a good deal! percentage we maintain up a correspondence extra about your article on AOL? I want an expert on this area to unravel my problem. May possibly be that is you! Taking a appear forward to peer you. 850410
782654 458349I adore reading and I conceive this website got some genuinely utilitarian stuff on it! . 529109
449050 968193We stumbled more than here coming from a different web page and thought I might check issues out. I like what I see so now im following you. Look forward to exploring your internet page however once again. 77385
30056 693663Merely wanna state that this really is really beneficial , Thanks for taking your time to write this. 26352
772155 206137Typically I do not read article on blogs, however I wish to say that this write-up really forced me to have a look at and do so! Your writing taste has been amazed me. Thanks, extremely excellent post. 863880
788310 763934There is noticeably lots of money to comprehend about this. I assume youve produced certain nice points in attributes also. 404028
904280 475209I will tell your friends to check out this web site. .Thanks for the post. 198730
51176 445165Whoa! This weblog looks just like my old one! It is on a entirely different subject but it has pretty much the same layout and design. Outstanding choice of colors! 377586
777475 144058Extremely informative post. Your current Web site style is awesome as nicely! 389964
550875 182712I extremely delighted to discover this internet site on bing, just what I was looking for : D besides saved to bookmarks . 338795